Nubwo dushobora kutabimenya, abantu bose kwisi barashobora guterwa no gukoresha ibicuruzwa bidafite akamaro. Ibi bishobora kuba bikubiyemo gukoresha inshinge mu gutera inkingo, gukoresha imiti yanduza ubuzima nka insuline cyangwa epinephrine, cyangwa muri 2020 twizere ko ari ibintu bidasanzwe ariko bifatika, gushyiramo umuyoboro uhumeka kugirango abarwayi bafite Covid-19 bahumeke.
Ibicuruzwa byinshi byababyeyi cyangwa sterile birashobora gukorerwa mubidukikije bisukuye ariko bidafite sterile hanyuma bigahinduka burundu, ariko hariho nibindi bicuruzwa byinshi byababyeyi cyangwa sterile bidashobora guhagarikwa burundu.
Ibikorwa bisanzwe byanduza bishobora kuba birimo ubushyuhe butose (urugero, autoclaving), ubushyuhe bwumye (ni ukuvuga ifuru ya depyrogenation), gukoresha imyuka ya hydrogen peroxide, hamwe no gukoresha imiti ikora hejuru yubutaka bakunze kwita surfactants (nka 70% isopropanol [IPA] cyangwa sodium hypochlorite [bleach]), cyangwa imishwarara ya gamma ukoresheje cobalt 60 isotope.
Rimwe na rimwe, gukoresha ubu buryo bishobora kuviramo kwangirika, guteshwa agaciro cyangwa kudakora ibicuruzwa byanyuma. Igiciro cyubu buryo nacyo kizagira ingaruka zikomeye muguhitamo uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro, kuko uwabikoze agomba gusuzuma ingaruka zibi kubiciro byibicuruzwa byanyuma. Kurugero, umunywanyi arashobora guca intege umusaruro wibicuruzwa, bityo birashobora kugurishwa kugiciro gito. Ntabwo bivuze ko tekinoroji ya sterisizione idashobora gukoreshwa aho gutunganya aseptic ikoreshwa, ariko bizazana ibibazo bishya.
Ikibazo cya mbere cyo gutunganya aseptic nikigo gikorerwa ibicuruzwa. Ikigo kigomba kubakwa muburyo bugabanya ubuso bufunze, bukoresha imbaraga zo mu kirere zungurura umwuka (bita HEPA) kugirango uhumeke neza, kandi byoroshye gusukura, kubungabunga, no kwanduza.
Ikibazo cya kabiri ni uko ibikoresho bikoreshwa mugukora ibice, abahuza, cyangwa ibicuruzwa byanyuma mubyumba bigomba nanone kuba byoroshye gusukura, kubungabunga, no kutagwa (kurekura ibice binyuze mubikorwa nibintu cyangwa umwuka). Mu nganda zihora zitezimbere, mugihe cyo guhanga udushya, waba ugomba kugura ibikoresho bigezweho cyangwa ugakurikiza tekinoroji ishaje byagaragaye ko ikora neza, hazabaho kuringaniza inyungu. Mugihe ibikoresho bishaje, birashobora kwangirika kwangirika, kunanirwa, kumeneka amavuta, cyangwa gukata igice (ndetse no kurwego rwa microscopique), bishobora gutera kwanduza ikigo. Niyo mpamvu sisitemu isanzwe yo kubungabunga no kwiyandikisha ari ngombwa, kuko niba ibikoresho byashyizweho kandi bikabikwa neza, ibyo bibazo birashobora kugabanuka kandi byoroshye kugenzura.
Noneho kwinjiza ibikoresho byihariye (nkibikoresho byo kubungabunga cyangwa gukuramo ibikoresho nibikoresho bikenerwa kugirango bikore ibicuruzwa byarangiye) bitera izindi mbogamizi. Ibi bintu byose bigomba kwimurwa mubidukikije byafunguwe kandi bitagenzuwe bikabikwa ahantu hashobora kubyazwa umusaruro, nk'imodoka itanga, ububiko bwububiko, cyangwa ibikoresho byabanjirije umusaruro. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibikoresho bigomba kwezwa mbere yo kwinjira mubipfunyika muri zone itunganyirizwamo aseptic, kandi igipande cyinyuma cyibipfunyika kigomba guhagarikwa mbere yo kwinjira.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, uburyo bwo kwanduza bushobora kwangiza ibintu byinjira mu kigo cya aseptic cyangwa birashobora kubahenze cyane. Ingero zibi zishobora kubamo ubushyuhe bwogukoresha ibikoresho bya farumasi bikora, bishobora gutandukanya poroteyine cyangwa imigozi ya molekile, bityo bigahagarika ibice. Gukoresha imirasire birazimvye cyane kubera ko ubushuhe bwubushuhe bwamazi aribwo buryo bwihuse kandi buhenze cyane kubikoresho bidafite imbaraga.
Imikorere nimbaraga za buri buryo bigomba gusubirwamo rimwe na rimwe, mubisanzwe byitwa gutesha agaciro.
Ikibazo gikomeye nuko inzira yo gutunganya izaba irimo imikoranire hagati yicyiciro runaka. Ibi birashobora kugabanywa ukoresheje inzitizi nkiminwa ya gants cyangwa ukoresheje imashini, ariko niyo inzira yaba igamije kwigunga rwose, amakosa cyangwa imikorere mibi bisaba ko abantu babigiramo uruhare.
Ubusanzwe umubiri wumuntu utwara bagiteri nyinshi. Nk’uko raporo zibitangaza, abantu basanzwe bagizwe na 1-3% ya bagiteri. Mubyukuri, igipimo cyumubare wa bagiteri numubare wingirabuzimafatizo zabantu ni 10: 1.1
Kubera ko bagiteri ziri hose mu mubiri w'umuntu, ntibishoboka kuzikuraho burundu. Iyo umubiri wimutse, uzahora usuka uruhu rwawo, binyuze mu kwambara no kurira no kunyura mu kirere. Mubuzima bwose, ibi birashobora kugera kuri kg 35. 2
Uruhu na bagiteri zose zimenetse bizatera akaga gakomeye ko kwanduza mugihe cyo gutunganya aseptic, kandi bigomba kugenzurwa no kugabanya imikoranire nigikorwa, no gukoresha inzitizi n imyenda idasesagura kugirango ikingire cyane. Kugeza ubu, umubiri wumuntu ubwawo nicyo kintu gikomeye cyane murwego rwo kurwanya umwanda. Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe kugabanya umubare wabantu bitabira ibikorwa bya aseptic no gukurikirana ibidukikije byanduza mikorobe mukarere. Usibye uburyo bwiza bwo gukora isuku no kuyanduza, ibi bifasha kugumya bioburden yahantu ho gutunganya aseptike kurwego rwo hasi kandi bigatuma habaho gutabara hakiri kare mugihe habaye "impinga" zanduye.
Muri make, aho bishoboka, ingamba nyinshi zishoboka zirashobora gufatwa kugirango ugabanye ibyago byo kwanduza byinjira muri aseptic. Ibi bikorwa birimo kugenzura no gukurikirana ibidukikije, kubungabunga ibikoresho n’imashini zikoreshwa, guhagarika ibikoresho byinjira, no gutanga ubuyobozi nyabwo kubikorwa. Hariho izindi ngamba nyinshi zo kugenzura, harimo no gukoresha igitutu gitandukanye kugirango ukureho umwuka, ibice, na bagiteri aho bikorerwa. Ntabwo bivuzwe hano, ariko imikoranire yabantu izaganisha kukibazo kinini cyo kunanirwa kurwanya umwanda. Kubwibyo, uko inzira yaba ikoreshwa kose, guhora ukurikirana no gusuzuma buri gihe ingamba zo kugenzura zikoreshwa birasabwa buri gihe kugirango abarwayi barembye cyane bazakomeza kubona urwego rwizewe kandi rutangwa n’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga.